Squamous cell lung cancer develops from cells of the alveolar epithelium
Summary. Introduction. Lung cancer (LC) takes the leading place in terms of morbidity and mortality in the world. LC is diagnosed in 60–70% in the III-IV stages, when it is no longer possible to use a full course of treatment. The given data indicate the need to study the problem of LC. One of the first questions is the definition of histogenesis, which depends on the level of morphological diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. Many works are devoted to the study of the histogenesis of glandular LC, while squamous cell carcinoma (SqCL) in this regard is not covered in the literature. The goal is to determine the macroscopic and histological features of squamous cell LC based on operative materials. Research material and methods. The macroscopic and histological data of the surgical material of 15 patients with SqCL, who were examined and treated at the National Cancer Institute in 2023, were studied. The drugs are stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out with Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) monoclonal antibodies. Used Olympus BX42 microscope. The material was verified by the histological method according to the World Health Organization (WHO) International Histological Classification. The preparations are stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Used Olympus BX42 microscope. The material was verified by the histological method according to the WHO International Histological Classification. Research results. Exophytic growth of squamous cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the bronchi was detected in 2 (13%) patients, peribronchial (87%) in the rest. The third part of patients with SqLC 5 (33%) had multinodular growth. It was found that the cancerous tumor was determined at a distance of 0.5–3.5 cm from the nearest bronchus. Histological examination established the growth of SqLC from the basement membrane to the center of the alveoli. Conclusions. The study of the histological structure of SqLC revealed in all cases tumor growth from the alveolar epithelium, which starts from the basement membrane and grows to its center, in which necrosis is noted, as a well-known characteristic feature of epithelial tumors that grow intensively and a lack of blood supply occurs. The described pathomorphosis of SqLC in all studied preparations is confirmed by multiple morphological features of cancer tissue and its cells and is our priority phenomenon, not presented in the literature.
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