Molecular and genetic markers of tumor stem cells
Summary. This literature review describes the markers currently used to identify tumor stem cells (TSC) for various tumors. Surface markers are different for different types of tumors. The main surface markers of TSC of solid tumors are CD133, CD44 and CD24 and antigen of phenotype epithelial specific antigen (ESA). At the same time, it is still impossible to recognize the presence of unique TSC markers for various tumors’ localizations. With the use of targeted specific immune therapy directed against TSC, the use of accepted antitumor chemo- and radiotherapy is not excluded. Conversely, targeting CD133 and CD44 cells with the humanized monoclonal antibodies in combination with chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin) allows achieving a significant increasing in the effectiveness of treatment of patients with aggressive forms of cancer.
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